位于句首引起的倒装句各种知识点总结
作状语的介词短语放于句首引起的倒装句
有时为了强调而将作状语的介词短语放在句首， 而将主语放到句末从而形成倒装， 这种倒装句中的谓语多为以下不及物动词： come, lie, stand, walk, 且为全部倒装的形式。例如：
Along the dusty road came a group of tourists. 一群游客沿着尘土飞扬的路走来。
In the distance could be seen the purple mountains. 在远处， 可见到紫红色的群山。
采用这样的倒装形式有时也是出于全句平衡的考虑：当主语较长时，为了使句子平衡，常以作状语的介词短语开头。例如：
On the ground lay some air conditioners, which are to be shipped to some other cities.
地上放着一些空调， 它们会被船运到其他城市去。
1. Just in front of our house ____ with a history of 1,000 years.A. does a tall tree stand
B. stands a tall tree
C. a tall tree is standing
D. a tall tree stands
2. At the foot of the mountain ____.
A. a village lie
B. lies a village
C. does a village lie
D. lying a village
3. In the dark forests ____, some large enough to hold several English towns.
A. stand many lakes
B. lie many lakes
C. many lakes lie
D. many lakes stand
结果状语从句对应的so/such位于句首引起的倒装句
当“so/such ... that ...”结构中的so, such连同它所直接修饰的成分共同位于句首表示强调时， 主句要进行倒装(that后面的结果状语从句不倒装)。例如：
So angry was he that he couldn’t speak.
他愤怒得一句话也说不出来。(so与作表语的形容词放于句首， 主句呈现全部倒装的形式)
So fast does he run that he is far ahead of others.
他跑得如此快， 以至于远远领先于其他人。(so与修饰谓语run的副词fast放于句首， 主句呈现部分倒装的形式)
1. So difficult ____ it to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for advice.
A. I did find
B. did I find
C. I have found
D. have I found
2. ____ homework did we have to do that we had no time to take a rest.
A. So much
B. Too much
C. Too little
D. So little
【答案与解析】
1. B 【解析】so difficult放于句首要引起主句的倒装， 结果状语从句中的“I decided to ask Tom for advice”表明整句话是针对过去的(不强调与现在的关联)， 不宜用现在完成时而应采用一般过去时， 因此本题应选B。
2. A【解析】结果状语从句中的“we had no time to take a rest”意味着休息时间很少， 应先排除选项C、 D， 又由于放于句首的表语too much不能引起倒装， 而且意思上也难以与全句融合， 所以进一步排除B。
